10 Outdoor Activities for Seniors That Boost Joy & Wellbeing

Staying active outdoors isn’t just for the young—it’s a vital component of healthy aging that can dramatically improve seniors’ physical health, mental wellbeing, and overall quality of life. Fresh air, natural sunlight, and gentle movement work together to strengthen the immune system, improve mobility, and combat issues like depression and isolation that often affect older adults.

You don’t need extreme adventures to reap these benefits; simple activities like gardening, walking in a park, or joining outdoor social groups can make a significant difference. The key is finding accessible, enjoyable outdoor pursuits that match your abilities while providing the perfect balance of exercise, social interaction, and connection with nature.

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The Importance of Outdoor Activities for Senior Health and Wellness

Regular outdoor activities offer tremendous health benefits for seniors, serving as a cornerstone of healthy aging. Fresh air and natural sunlight provide vitamin D, which strengthens bones and boosts immune function. Just 30 minutes of outdoor time daily can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by up to 20% while improving sleep quality. Outdoor engagement also promotes mental wellbeing by reducing depression symptoms and anxiety through increased serotonin production. Social outdoor activities create crucial community connections, with seniors who participate in group nature activities reporting 40% less loneliness than those who remain indoors. Natural settings also provide gentle sensory stimulation that enhances cognitive function and can slow cognitive decline in early-stage dementia patients.

10 Low-Impact Walking Activities Perfect for Seniors

Walking is one of the best exercises for seniors, offering cardiovascular benefits without putting excessive strain on joints. These low-impact walking activities combine gentle exercise with enjoyment and social connection.

Nature Trail Strolls for Mental Wellbeing

Nature trail walking provides seniors with a peaceful environment that reduces stress hormones by up to 15%. Choose flat, well-maintained trails with benches for rest stops along the way. Many nature preserves offer senior-friendly paths with handrails and smooth surfaces specifically designed for those with mobility concerns. The combination of gentle exercise and natural surroundings stimulates the production of mood-enhancing endorphins while allowing seniors to progress at their own pace through beautiful landscapes like botanical gardens, waterfront paths, or community parks.

Urban Walking Tours That Combine Exercise and Culture

Urban walking tours offer seniors a perfect blend of physical activity and cultural enrichment. Many cities provide self-guided heritage walks with detailed maps highlighting historical landmarks, architecture, and local points of interest. Senior-specific tours often limit groups to 8-12 people and include frequent rest stops at cafes or museums. These structured walks typically cover 1-2 miles at a leisurely pace, making them accessible even for those using mobility aids. The social aspect of guided tours creates opportunities for conversation and connection while exploring murals, monuments, and meaningful city sites.

Mall Walking Programs for Climate-Controlled Exercise

Mall walking provides a safe, climate-controlled environment perfect for year-round exercise regardless of weather conditions. Many shopping centers open early specifically for senior walking programs, offering smooth, level surfaces with plenty of seating areas for breaks. These organized programs often include blood pressure checks, health seminars, and social gatherings after walks. The controlled temperature eliminates concerns about heat exhaustion or cold exposure, while security personnel provide added safety. Seniors can track progress using the standardized layout with measured distances between stores or landmarks.

Birding Walks That Sharpen Observation Skills

Birding walks combine gentle exercise with mental stimulation as seniors identify and observe different bird species. These specialized walks typically cover shorter distances (0.5-1 mile) with frequent pauses for wildlife observation. Local Audubon societies often organize senior-friendly birding excursions with experienced guides who can help spot and identify birds. The activity encourages mindfulness and present-moment awareness while moving at a comfortable pace. Many participants report improved attention spans and reduced anxiety after regular birding walks in natural settings with peers who share their interest.

Neighborhood History Walks With Local Significance

Exploring neighborhood history through organized walks connects seniors with community heritage while providing low-impact exercise. These walks typically feature 5-8 historical points of interest over a 1-mile route, with rest stops incorporated at significant locations. Local historical societies often provide self-guided tour maps or volunteer docents who share stories about architectural landmarks, famous residents, or significant events. The familiar surroundings of one’s own community create comfort and security while still offering new perspectives and learning opportunities about places seniors pass regularly but may know little about.

Photography Walks for Creative Expression

Photography walks encourage seniors to observe their surroundings more closely while getting valuable exercise. These walks typically cover 1-2 miles at a very gentle pace, with plenty of stops for taking photos of interesting subjects. Senior centers and camera clubs often organize themed photo walks focusing on subjects like architecture, seasonal changes, or street life. Participants can use smartphones or simple point-and-shoot cameras without needing expensive equipment. The combination of creative engagement and physical movement stimulates both body and mind, with many seniors reporting improved observation skills after just a few photography-focused outings.

Water-Adjacent Walks for Therapeutic Views

Waterfront walks along beaches, lakes, or rivers provide seniors with the added therapeutic benefits of blue spaces. Research shows that walking near water can lower blood pressure by 5-7 points and increase feelings of tranquility. Many waterfront areas feature paved, level pathways specifically designed for accessibility, with benches positioned to maximize views. The negative ions released by moving water have been linked to improved mood and reduced inflammation. Seniors can adjust their pace while enjoying the sensory experience of water sounds, fresh breezes, and constantly changing scenery along shorelines, harbor walks, or riverfront promenades.

Botanical Garden Tours at a Gentle Pace

Botanical gardens offer perfectly maintained walking paths with abundant seating areas where seniors can rest while surrounded by beautiful plantings. Most gardens feature themed sections with varying plants, creating interest and motivation to explore different areas. Many botanical gardens offer senior discounts or free admission days, making this an economical activity. Seasonal changes provide new experiences throughout the year, from spring bulbs to fall foliage. The therapeutic benefits of plant-rich environments include improved oxygen levels, reduced stress, and gentle stimulation of all senses through colors, fragrances, and textures.

Group Fitness Walks With Social Components

Organized group fitness walks combine structured exercise with valuable social connection. These programs typically meet 2-3 times weekly, creating consistency and community. Many senior centers and community organizations offer free walking groups specifically designed for older adults, with trained leaders who adjust pace based on participants’ abilities. The accountability of group membership increases regular participation, with studies showing 68% higher attendance compared to solo exercise plans. Post-walk coffee or breakfast gatherings extend the social benefits beyond the physical activity, addressing both fitness and isolation concerns simultaneously.

Evening Strolls for Better Sleep Quality

Evening walks help regulate circadian rhythms, potentially improving sleep quality by 25% for seniors struggling with insomnia. Choose well-lit paths in safe areas like community tracks, illuminated park trails, or supervised shopping areas. Walking 30-45 minutes after dinner can aid digestion and stabilize blood sugar levels before bedtime. The gentle exercise relieves muscle tension while avoiding the stimulating effects of more vigorous activity too close to sleep time. Many seniors report falling asleep more quickly and experiencing fewer nighttime awakenings after establishing an evening walking routine in familiar settings.

7 Water-Based Outdoor Activities That Are Easy on Aging Joints

Water-based activities offer seniors the perfect combination of resistance training and joint relief. The natural buoyancy of water reduces pressure on aging joints while providing a refreshing way to stay active outdoors.

Pool Exercises That Improve Mobility

Water aerobics classes designed for seniors provide excellent low-impact workouts that strengthen muscles without stressing joints. Try water walking—simply walking through chest-deep water—which can burn 3-4 times more calories than walking on land while eliminating jarring impacts. Gentle swimming strokes like the breaststroke or sidestroke work multiple muscle groups simultaneously and improve cardiovascular health without aggravating arthritis. Many community centers offer senior-specific aquatic programs with trained instructors who can adapt exercises for different mobility levels and incorporate helpful equipment like pool noodles and water weights.

Gentle Lake and Seaside Activities for Every Ability Level

Lakeside and ocean environments offer numerous accessible options beyond traditional swimming. Floating in calm waters with proper support devices provides therapeutic relief for joints while allowing you to enjoy nature’s beauty. Beachcombing along the shoreline combines light walking with the interest of discovering shells, rocks, and coastal wildlife. For more active seniors, kayaking in stable, wider boats offers an upper-body workout while seated, reducing strain on knees and hips. Many coastal areas now provide beach wheelchairs with special tires for sand navigation, making waterfront enjoyment possible regardless of mobility challenges. Even simply sitting by the water has been shown to reduce stress levels by up to 20%.

5 Gardening Activities That Connect Seniors With Nature

Gardening offers seniors a perfect blend of physical activity, mental stimulation, and connection with the natural world. These five gardening activities are specifically designed to accommodate different mobility levels while maximizing the therapeutic benefits of working with plants.

Container Gardening for Limited Mobility

Container gardening provides an accessible way for seniors with mobility challenges to enjoy nurturing plants. Use elevated planters, window boxes, or tabletop containers to eliminate bending and kneeling. Choose lightweight potting mixes and self-watering containers to reduce maintenance demands. Herbs like basil, mint, and chives thrive in containers and offer sensory benefits through their distinctive aromas. For visual appeal, try compact vegetables such as cherry tomatoes or decorative flowers like marigolds and petunias that provide vibrant colors with minimal care requirements.

Community Garden Programs That Foster Social Connections

Community garden programs create valuable social opportunities while keeping seniors physically active. These shared spaces typically offer accessible plots with raised beds and designated senior hours for comfortable participation. Joining these programs connects elderly gardeners with like-minded individuals, fostering friendships through shared interests and collaborative projects. Many community gardens host regular educational workshops tailored to seniors, covering topics from composting to seasonal planting. The collective responsibility of tending a garden plot encourages regular outdoor interaction and establishes a sense of purpose and belonging.

Herb Gardens for Sensory Stimulation

Creating an herb garden provides exceptional sensory stimulation that’s particularly beneficial for seniors. The diverse textures, fragrances, and flavors of herbs engage multiple senses simultaneously, which can improve cognitive function and emotional wellbeing. Start with aromatic varieties like lavender, rosemary, and lemon balm that release scents when lightly touched. Position herb gardens in easily accessible areas—windowsills, hanging baskets, or vertical wall planters work perfectly. The practical aspect of growing herbs for cooking creates a rewarding cycle from garden to kitchen, enhancing meals with fresh flavors while providing a sense of accomplishment.

Bird and Butterfly Gardens for Wildlife Observation

Designing gardens that attract birds and butterflies gives seniors a constantly changing natural display to enjoy. Plant nectar-rich flowers like zinnias, coneflowers, and salvias to attract butterflies, while adding sunflowers, berry bushes, and bird feeders to welcome feathered visitors. These gardens require minimal maintenance once established but provide maximum viewing pleasure. Position comfortable seating near wildlife-attracting areas to create perfect observation spots. The rhythmic visits of birds and butterflies throughout the day encourage seniors to spend more time outdoors, often extending planned garden time as they become absorbed in wildlife watching.

Adaptive Gardening Tools for Independent Participation

Specialized adaptive gardening tools help seniors maintain independence in their gardening pursuits. Ergonomic tools with extended handles reduce the need for bending, while those with cushioned grips minimize hand strain for arthritis sufferers. Consider kneeling benches with handles that provide support when standing up and lightweight watering cans with multiple handles for balanced lifting. Tool organizers mounted at wheelchair height keep equipment accessible. Many senior centers and gardening clubs offer workshops specifically focused on adaptive gardening techniques, teaching seniors how to continue their gardening passion safely despite physical limitations.

8 Outdoor Social Games That Promote Community Among Seniors

Social games provide seniors with opportunities to connect while enjoying fresh air and gentle exercise. These activities not only foster community bonds but also contribute to physical and mental wellbeing through joyful interaction.

Lawn Games That Improve Balance and Coordination

Bocce ball offers seniors a gentle way to improve hand-eye coordination with its simple throwing mechanics. The game requires minimal setup and can be played on any flat surface, making it accessible for most mobility levels. Horseshoes and ring toss games similarly enhance motor skills while providing friendly competition. Modified croquet is particularly beneficial, as it encourages walking, bending, and strategic thinking while players navigate wickets across grassy terrain. These games naturally create conversation opportunities as participants take turns, strengthening community bonds without feeling like exercise.

Group Activities That Combine Conversation and Gentle Movement

Outdoor tai chi circles bring seniors together for flowing movements that improve balance while encouraging mindfulness. These sessions typically last 30-45 minutes and can be modified for seated participants. Walking clubs with conversation prompts combine social interaction with cardiovascular benefits – many senior communities organize themed walks like “history strolls” or “nature identification” to stimulate discussion. Outdoor scavenger hunts designed for seniors promote teamwork and light activity, with items placed at accessible heights and distances. Dancing in the park programs offer structured movement to music while creating opportunities for reminiscing and connection through familiar tunes from participants’ younger years.

Card and Board Games Adapted for Outdoor Settings

Giant versions of classic games like chess, checkers, and dominos bring familiar indoor activities into fresh-air environments. Oversized playing pieces eliminate fine motor challenges while encouraging movement around larger boards. Weather-resistant card game tables accommodate seniors who prefer seated activities but still benefit from outdoor exposure. Consider specialty card holders for those with arthritis and weighted playing pieces that won’t blow away in gentle breezes. These adaptations allow seniors to enjoy cognitive stimulation and friendly competition without sacrificing comfort. Many retirement communities now invest in dedicated outdoor game areas with shade structures, creating comfortable year-round spaces for these activities.

Team Sports Modified for Senior Participation

Chair volleyball has emerged as a popular modified sport using lightweight beach balls and seated positions to accommodate varied mobility levels. Teams typically include 6-8 players per side, creating meaningful group interaction. Walking soccer eliminates running while maintaining the strategic elements of the traditional game, with matches divided into shorter periods to prevent fatigue. Adaptive softball using larger balls, shorter field dimensions, and flexible rules regarding base running makes America’s pastime accessible for seniors. These modified sports preserve the teamwork aspects of traditional athletics while eliminating high-impact movements, allowing participants to experience the camaraderie of team sports without excessive physical demands.

Outdoor Puzzle Activities for Cognitive Stimulation

Life-sized crossword puzzles where participants physically place letter tiles onto ground grids combine mental stimulation with light movement. Community jigsaw challenges featuring extra-large pieces spread across outdoor tables encourage collaboration and conversation. Outdoor trivia walks with question stations positioned along accessible paths get seniors moving while engaging their memory. These activities typically rotate themes weekly to maintain interest, with topics like history, music, or nature. Studies show that combining physical movement with cognitive challenges provides enhanced brain benefits compared to seated mental activities alone, making these games particularly valuable for seniors.

Nature-Based Games That Encourage Exploration

Bird bingo transforms wildlife watching into a social game, with participants marking cards when specific local species appear. Many senior communities host guided “sensory scavenger hunts” where participants identify plants by touch, smell, and appearance rather than collecting items. Photography challenges with specific themes like “shapes in nature” or “finding colors” encourage creative exploration at an individual pace. These activities connect seniors with natural environments while fostering discussion about observations and discoveries. The combination of nature exposure and social interaction has been shown to reduce stress hormones by up to 15% in older adults, making these games both enjoyable and therapeutic.

Cultural Games From Around the World

Introducing games from diverse cultures creates learning opportunities alongside physical activity. Pétanque, a French bowling game played on gravel, requires minimal setup while teaching new skills. Chinese jianzi, played with a weighted shuttlecock kicked between players, can be modified to allow hand passes for those with limited mobility. Kubb, a Scandinavian lawn game involving wooden blocks, encourages gentle throwing motions and strategic thinking. These international games spark conversations about cultural traditions and travel experiences, deepening social connections beyond simple gameplay. Many seniors report that learning new activities helps them maintain cognitive flexibility while appreciating global perspectives.

Seasonal Outdoor Games and Tournaments

Organizing themed tournaments around holidays creates recurring social occasions that seniors anticipate. Spring flower identification competitions, summer water balloon tosses, autumn leaf collecting challenges, and winter bird counting events align activities with seasonal changes. Planning progressive tournaments where participants track improvement over time increases engagement through friendly competition. The predictable schedule of seasonal games provides structure that many seniors appreciate, while the changing nature of activities prevents monotony. These regularly scheduled events become community traditions that foster belonging while accommodating the changing outdoor conditions throughout the year.

6 Ways to Make Outdoor Activities Safe and Accessible for Seniors

Enjoying outdoor activities shouldn’t be limited by age or ability. Here are practical approaches to ensure seniors can safely participate in and benefit from outdoor experiences.

Adapting Activities for Different Mobility Levels

Tailoring outdoor activities to match mobility capabilities ensures everyone can participate regardless of physical limitations. For those using walkers or wheelchairs, choose paved paths in parks with accessible routes clearly marked. Consider seated versions of traditional activities—container gardening from a bench or chair-based fishing at accessible docks. Break activities into shorter segments with rest periods between, allowing seniors to pace themselves while still enjoying the full experience. Look for specialized equipment like ergonomic gardening tools with extended handles or walking poles that provide extra stability on uneven terrain.

Essential Safety Precautions for Senior Outdoor Enjoyment

Safety should always be the priority when planning outdoor activities for seniors. Always check weather forecasts before heading out and avoid extreme temperatures—aim for outdoor time between 10 AM and 4 PM in winter and early morning or evening hours during summer. Ensure proper hydration by bringing water even for short outings, as seniors dehydrate more quickly. Use medical alert devices or keep cell phones easily accessible in case of emergencies. Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 50+) regardless of season, and wear appropriate footwear with non-slip soles to prevent falls. For longer excursions, create a buddy system where seniors pair up to look out for each other.

How to Create a Sustainable Outdoor Activity Routine for Seniors

Start Small and Build Gradually

Building a sustainable outdoor routine starts with manageable steps. Begin with just 10-15 minutes of outdoor time daily, perhaps morning stretches on the patio or an afternoon stroll around the block. Gradually increase duration as comfort and confidence grow. This gentle progression helps seniors adapt physically while establishing a habit they’ll maintain. Track progress with a simple calendar to provide visual motivation and reinforce consistency.

Incorporate Variety to Maintain Interest

Variety prevents boredom and exercises different muscle groups. Alternate between walking, gardening, and social activities throughout the week. For example, schedule Monday garden tending, Wednesday nature walks, and Friday outdoor social games. This diversity keeps seniors mentally engaged while preventing physical burnout from repetitive movements. Consider creating a rotating schedule of activities that change with the seasons to maintain freshness and excitement.

Align Activities with Natural Energy Patterns

Work with—not against—natural energy patterns. Most seniors experience higher energy in the morning, making this ideal for more active pursuits like walking or water aerobics. Reserve afternoons for gentler activities such as bird watching or container gardening. This energy-conscious scheduling increases participation consistency and enjoyment. Pay attention to individual patterns and adjust accordingly for maximum sustainability.

Create Environmental Supports for Success

Set up the environment to facilitate regular participation. Keep walking shoes by the door, gardening tools easily accessible, or exercise equipment visible as visual reminders. Eliminate barriers like difficult storage locations or complicated preparation steps. Environmental cues significantly increase follow-through for scheduled activities. Consider creating an outdoor “staging area” with necessities like sun protection, water bottles, and appropriate footwear.

Establish Social Accountability

Social connections dramatically improve routine sustainability. Arrange standing outdoor dates with friends, join community classes that meet regularly, or create a neighborhood walking group for seniors. These social commitments provide motivation beyond the activity itself. Research shows seniors with activity partners are 76% more likely to maintain their routines long-term. Schedule these social engagements at consistent times to establish rhythm and expectation.

Adapt for Weather and Seasonal Changes

Develop alternative plans for inclement weather to maintain consistency year-round. Create a list of indoor substitutes that mimic outdoor activities—mall walking instead of park walking, indoor gardening during winter months, or covered pavilion gatherings. This preparation prevents long interruptions that can break established habits. Consider joining facilities like community centers or YMCAs that offer indoor walking tracks or pools for year-round options.

Track Progress and Celebrate Achievements

Document participation and improvements, however small. Use a simple journal, calendar check marks, or a dedicated fitness tracker for seniors. Celebrate milestones like one month of consistent participation, increased walking distance, or new skills learned. Recognition reinforces the habit-building process. Consider creating a visual progress chart that can be displayed as a reminder of accomplishments and commitment.

Conclusion: Embracing Nature at Any Age

Stepping outdoors offers seniors a pathway to enhanced wellbeing that’s accessible and adaptable. By incorporating activities like gentle walks nature trails or water aerobics you’re investing in your physical health mental clarity and social connections.

The beauty of outdoor engagement lies in its flexibility—whether you’re tending container gardens playing modified lawn games or simply enjoying a sunset stroll. Remember that sustainability comes from starting small adding variety and building supportive routines that work with your unique needs.

Your golden years can be truly golden when spent partially in the sunshine. With proper safety precautions and adaptations for mobility every senior can experience the profound benefits of connecting with nature. Take that first step outdoors today and discover how the natural world can revitalize your life.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main benefits of outdoor activities for seniors?

Outdoor activities provide multiple benefits for seniors, including improved physical health, enhanced mental wellbeing, and better quality of life. Just 30 minutes outside daily can reduce cardiovascular disease risk by up to 20% and improve sleep quality. Fresh air and sunlight strengthen the immune system, while outdoor engagement increases serotonin production, reducing depression and anxiety symptoms. Additionally, seniors who participate in group nature activities report 40% less loneliness.

Which walking activities are best for seniors with limited mobility?

Mall walking provides a climate-controlled environment with smooth surfaces and plenty of benches for rest. Water-adjacent walks along beaches or lakeshores offer naturally flat terrain that’s gentle on joints. Urban walking tours can be tailored to cover shorter distances with frequent stops. Nature trail walks on paved paths are also excellent options. Always choose routes with accessible restrooms and seating areas for the most comfortable experience.

How can water-based activities benefit aging joints?

Water-based activities provide natural resistance without stressing joints, making them ideal for seniors. The buoyancy of water supports body weight, reducing pressure on knees, hips, and spine. Water aerobics classes designed for seniors offer low-impact workouts that strengthen muscles while minimizing strain. Even simple water walking improves cardiovascular health with significantly less joint impact than land exercises, while promoting flexibility and range of motion.

What gardening options work well for seniors with mobility challenges?

Container gardening is perfect for seniors with limited mobility, as planters can be raised to reduce bending and kneeling. Vertical gardens minimize reaching and bending while maximizing growing space. Tabletop herb gardens are accessible from seated positions. Adaptive gardening tools with ergonomic handles make gardening easier on arthritic hands. Community garden programs often offer raised beds at wheelchair-accessible heights, combining socialization with gardening benefits.

What social outdoor games are appropriate for seniors?

Bocce ball and modified croquet improve balance while fostering conversation. Outdoor tai chi combines gentle movement with social interaction. Walking clubs provide structured exercise with companionship. Adapted card games can be played at outdoor tables. Team sports like modified volleyball with beach balls are gentler alternatives. Cultural games introduce diverse traditions while building community. Seasonal tournaments create recurring social occasions that seniors can look forward to regularly.

How can outdoor activities be adapted for wheelchair users?

Many activities can be adapted for wheelchair users by selecting locations with paved paths and ramps. Container gardening can be done at wheelchair height. Certain lawn games like bocce can be played from a seated position. Bird watching and photography are naturally accessible. Water activities can be modified with adaptive equipment. Look for parks with wheelchair-accessible features and community programs specifically designed for varying mobility levels.

What safety precautions should seniors take when spending time outdoors?

Seniors should check weather forecasts before heading out and avoid extreme temperatures. Stay hydrated by carrying water and taking regular drinking breaks. Wear a medical alert device, especially when alone. Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen and wear protective clothing, even on cloudy days. Choose appropriate footwear with good traction. Implement a buddy system for longer excursions. Bring necessary medications and carry a cell phone for emergencies.

How can seniors maintain a consistent outdoor activity routine?

Start small with just 10-15 minutes daily and gradually increase duration. Incorporate variety to maintain interest and engage different muscle groups. Align activities with natural energy patterns—morning activities for early risers, afternoon for others. Keep equipment visible and accessible to remove barriers. Establish social accountability through outdoor dates with friends. Adapt plans for inclement weather with indoor alternatives. Track progress to celebrate achievements and reinforce habits.

How much outdoor activity is recommended for seniors daily?

Just 30 minutes of outdoor activity daily provides significant health benefits for seniors. This moderate amount can reduce cardiovascular disease risk by up to 20%, improve sleep quality, and boost vitamin D levels. The time doesn’t need to be continuous—three 10-minute sessions are equally beneficial. For beginners, starting with 10-15 minutes and gradually increasing is recommended. The key is consistency rather than intensity or duration.

Can outdoor activities help with cognitive function in seniors?

Yes, outdoor activities significantly benefit cognitive function in seniors. Natural settings provide gentle sensory stimulation that enhances mental processing and attention. Studies show that nature exposure may slow cognitive decline in early-stage dementia patients. Activities like birding walks and outdoor puzzles specifically stimulate mental engagement. Additionally, the physical movement component increases blood flow to the brain, while social interaction during group activities provides cognitive challenges that keep minds active.